Mac OS X 10.0

Mac OS X 10.0
Version of the macOS operating system
Developer	Apple Computer
OS family	Macintosh; Unix-like;
Source model	Closed, with open sourcecomponents
General; availability	March 24, 2001; 24 years ago
Latest release	10.0.4 / June 22, 2001; 23 years ago
Platforms	PowerPC
Kernel type	Hybrid (XNU)
Default; user interface	Aqua
License	Apple Public Source License(APSL) and Apple end-user license agreement (EULA)
Preceded by	Mac OS 9; Mac OS X Public Beta;
Succeeded by	Mac OS X 10.1
Official website	Apple - Mac OS X at the Wayback Machine (archived June 29, 2001)
Tagline	The future is here. The power of UNIX with the simplicity and elegance of Macintosh.
Support status
	Historical, unsupported as of November 13, 2006[citation needed]

Mac OS X 10.0 (code named Cheetah) is the first major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system. It was released on March 24, 2001, for a price of $129 after a public beta.

Mac OS X was Apple's successor to the classic Mac OS. It was derived from NeXTSTEP and FreeBSD, and featured a new user interface called Aqua, as well as improved stability and security due to its new Unix foundations. It introduced the Quartz graphics rendering engine for hardware-acceleratedanimations. Many technologies were ported from the classic Mac OS, including Sherlock and the QuickTime framework. The core components of Mac OS X were open sourcedas Darwin.

Boxed releases of Mac OS X 10.0 also included a copy of Mac OS 9.1,^[3] which can be installed alongside Mac OS X 10.0, through the means of dual booting(which meant that reboots are required for switching between the two OSes). This was important for compatibility reasons: while many Mac OS 9 applications could be run under Mac OS X in the Classic environment, some, such as applications that directly accessed hardware, could only run under Mac OS 9.^[3]

Six months after its release, Mac OS X 10.0 was succeeded by Mac OS X 10.1, code named Puma.

Development

The development of Mac OS X 10.0 began in 1998, after Apple acquired NeXT Computer, which was founded by Steve Jobsafter he was forcibly removed from Apple in the mid-1980s.

The initial development of Mac OS X was led by Avie Tevanian, who had previously worked at NeXT and had played a key role in the development of NeXTSTEP. The development team faced significant challenges in merging the classic Mac OS with the new Unix-based architecture, as well as in creating a modern user interface that would be familiar to Mac users.

Mac OS X 10.0 was released to the public on March 24, 2001, after several months of beta testing. The release was met with mixed reviews, with some users praising the new features and stability, while others criticized the lack of compatibility with older Mac applications.

Some of the key features of Mac OS X 10.0 included the Aquauser interface, which introduced translucent menus, drop shadows, and other visual effects; the Dock, a new way of launching and switching between applications; and a new file system called HFS+. The operating system also included built-in support for networking protocols such as TCP/IP and PPP, as well as for USB and FireWire devices.

Two decades after it's release, a former MacOS engineer admitted that this version of MacOS was very concerned by performance difficulties, as the OS was very slow, and expensite to avoid lot of customers to buy it and be disappointed. They so took six months to correct it, with no new features added, to result in macos 10.1 release^[4].

New and updated features

Removed features

Architecture

Mac OS X is built on Darwin, a Unix-like operating system derived from FreeBSD. Darwin includes a new kernel, XNU, derived from Mach and BSD, as a replacement for the Mac OS nanokernel used in classic Mac OS.

Unlike Mac OS 9, Mac OS X has protected memory and preemptive multitasking. This means that if an application's memory becomes corrupted due to a bug, the application will crash without the entire system crashing and needing to be rebooted.

Mac OS X also had support for OpenGL, AppleScript, and the Carbon and Cocoa APIs.^[10]

Language support

Mac OS X 10.0 began a short era (that ended with Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar's release) where Apple offered two types of installation CDs: 1Z and 2Z CDs. The difference in the two lay in the extent of multilingual support.

Input method editors of Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, and Korean were only included with the 2Z CDs. They also came with more languages (the full set of 15 languages), whereas the 1Z CDs came only with about eight languages and could not actually display simplified Chinese, traditional Chinese and/or Korean (except for the Chinese characters present in Japanese Kanji). A variant of 2Z CDs were introduced when Mac OS X v10.0.3 was released to the Asianmarket (this variant could not be upgraded to version 10.0.4). The brief period of multilingual confusion ended with the release of v10.2.^{[citation needed]} Currently, all Mac OS X installer CDs and preinstallations include the full set of 15 languages and full multilingual compatibility.

Marketing

Mac OS X 10.0 was not externally marketed with its codename, a practice which began with Mac OS X Jaguar.

On March 23, 2001, the night before the launch day, Apple hosted a launch party in a Micro Anvika store located at Tottenham Court Road, London.^[11] Attendees were provided with live music, along with food and alcoholic beverages. The first 50 Mac OS X 10.0 customers of the participating stores in the UK, including the store hosting the launch party, would receive a free Apple Pro Mouse, while the next 100 customers would be given a commemorative Mac OS X T-shirt. These participating stores also provided demonstrations and offers for Mac products.^[12] Similarly, an Apple Authorized Service Provider (known back then as an Apple Specialist), in Cupertino, California, held a launch party at midnight. The first 100 Mac OS X 10.0 customers would receive a free commemorative Mac OS X T-shirt.^[13] On the day, the store was completely packed with customers and fans of Apple products. Steve Wozniak, one of the co-founders of Apple, also attended the launch party.^[14]

In the US, multiple Apple authorized resellers also held events on March 24–25, 2001, to coincide with Mac OS X's launch.^[15]^[16]

A store located in Minneapolis reported that over 60% of their available Mac OS X stock was sold on launch day.^[17]

On April 3, 2001, Apple launched a bi-weekly email newsletter service named Mac OS X Product News that showcased the latest software for Mac OS X.^[18]

Reception

The release of Mac OS X 10.0 saw mixed reviews. ZDNetcalled the new OS "underdone" due to poor performance, kernel panics, with main applications such as Finder causing system freezes.^[19] CNET rated Mac OS X 10.0, a 6 out of 10, calling it "more stable than previous Mac OSs", along with compliments on its UI, memory management and speed, but isn't "ready for the masses", due to issues such as the lack of native third-party applications for the platform, missing DVD playback and hard to use user interfaces.^[20] David Poguestated in a New York Times tech column that while he felt Mac OS X was better looking and easier to use than Mac OS 9 with superior features and menus, it was not yet ready for the average user, as it was not as polished, with missing features such as CD burning (at launch), automated shutdown scheduling, Labels menu.^[21]

Release history

Version	Build	Date	Darwinversion	Notes
10.0	4K78	March 24, 2001	1.3	Original retail CD-ROM release
10.0.1	4L13	April 14, 2001	1.3.1	Apple: Mac OS X 10.0: Software Update 1.3.1, 10.0.1 Update, and Epson Printer Driver Update Provide Feature Enhancement, Address Issues
10.0.2	4P12	May 1, 2001
10.0.3	4P13	May 9, 2001		Update and Before You Install Information
10.0.4	4Q12	June 21, 2001		Apple: 10.0.4 Update and Before You Install Information
	4R14^[22]	July 18, 2001		For Quicksilver Power Mac G4
	4S10	August 20, 2001^[23]		For Quicksilver Power Mac G4 (Dual 800 MHz)

System requirements

Timeline

Timeline of Mac operating systems v t e

References

External links

Preceded by Mac OS 9	Mac OS X 10.0 (Cheetah) 2001	Succeeded by Mac OS X 10.1 (Puma)

[1] "Mac OS X Hits Stores This Weekend" (Press release). Apple Computer. March 21, 2001. Archived from the original on December 2, 2017. Retrieved January 11, 2018.

[2] "Mac OS X Update 10.0.4". Archived from the originalon April 11, 2004.

[cnet-missing-3] Jump up to: ^a ^b "Mac OS X missing some key elements". CNET. January 2, 2002. Archived from the original on January 10, 2023. Retrieved January 10, 2023.

[4] "« Bertrand Serlet interview, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpIuIImN0YI , 1:45:57 [archive] »". {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)

[5] "Mac OS X 10.0: Connecting to AppleShare or File Sharing Requires TCP/IP". September 18, 2003. Archived from the original on September 3, 2009. Retrieved February 22,2010.

[6] Turner, Daniel (March 1, 2001). "Mac OS X: Promise without the polish". ZDNet. Archived from the original on January 11, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2022.

[7] Jary, Simon (April 12, 2001). "Apple Mac OS X review". Macworld UK. Archived from the original on January 11, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2022.

[8] "TenBITS/07-May-01". TidBITS. May 7, 2001. Archived from the original on November 25, 2006.

[9] "OS X 10.0.2, iTunes Update Available, Now Supports CD Burning". The Mac Observer. April 30, 2001. Archivedfrom the original on January 10, 2023. Retrieved January 10,2023.

[10] Singh, Amit (2007). Mac OS X internals: a systems approach. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison-Wesley. ISBN 978-0-321-27854-8. OCLC 68416815.

[11] Smith, Tony (March 9, 2001). "Apple event to sell MacOS X midnight 23/24 March". The Register. Archived from the original on January 10, 2023. Retrieved January 10, 2023.

[12] "The future of the Macintosh is just around the corner!". Apple (UK). 2001. Archived from the original on October 13, 2001.

[13] Sellers, Dennis (March 19, 2001). "'California's largest X launch party' coming Friday". Macworld. Archived from the original on March 27, 2005.

[14] Honan, Mathew (March 24, 2001). "Apple Faithful Come Out In Force for OS X". Macworld. Archived from the original on June 17, 2001.

[15] Sellers, Dennis (March 9, 2001). "In-store events planned for Mac OS X debut". Macworld. Archived from the original on March 26, 2005.

[16] "Apple In-Store Events". Apple. Archived from the original on March 12, 2001.

[17] Lain, Rodney O. (March 28, 2001). "Minneapolis Store Sells In Excess Of 60% of OS X Copies On First Day". The Mac Observer. Archived from the original on June 28, 2001.

[18] Sellers, Dennis (March 30, 2001). "Apple to launch OS X e-mail newsletter". MacCentral Online. Archived from the original on July 11, 2001.

[19] Somogyi, Stephan (March 29, 2001). "OS X is here. So now what?". Yahoo! News. Archived from the original on April 17, 2001.

[20] Rizzo, John (March 24, 2001). "CNET review: Mac OS X". CNET Software. Archived from the original on September 13, 2001.

[21] Sellers, Dennis (March 30, 2001). "Columnists: OS X gets one thumb up, one thumbs down". MacCentral Online. Archived from the original on July 25, 2001.

[22] Kim, Arnold (July 23, 2001). "Minor Mac OS X Update Available". MacRumors. Archived from the original on September 20, 2022. Retrieved September 19, 2022.

[23] "Apple Ships Dual 800 MHZ Power Mac G4" (Press release). Apple. August 20, 2001. Archived from the original on September 20, 2022. Retrieved September 19, 2022.

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Mac OS X 10.0

Development

New and updated features

Removed features

Architecture

Language support

Marketing

Reception

Release history

System requirements

Timeline

References

External links

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